Which risk model is used for radiation protection and what is its key assumption?

The linear non-threshold model is widely accepted in radiation protection and serves as the basis for many regulatory guidelines. Its key assumption is that any exposure to ionizing radiation, no matter how small, has the potential to increase the risk of developing cancer. This model implies that there is no safe level of radiation exposure, as even minimal doses can contribute to a cumulative risk over time.

This approach is particularly significant because it reflects a precautionary stance in health physics and public health policy. By adopting this model, regulators aim to minimize risks, especially for populations exposed to low levels of radiation, such as those living near nuclear facilities or workers in radiation-related professions. This model supports more stringent monitoring and protective measures, recognizing that risk accumulates linearly and may become substantial even with low exposure levels.

The acceptance of this model influences how radiation safety standards are developed and implemented, impacting guidelines for occupational exposure, medical procedures involving radiation, and environmental standards related to radiation release.